A lipoma is a benign skin tumor composed of mature fat cells, typically encased in a fibrous capsule, appearing dome-shaped or oval. Growing slowly in subcutaneous tissue, it often enlarges over years, becoming noticeable long after formation. Most lipomas pose no health threat, considered a minor skin anomaly.

Typically, a person has one lipoma, though some develop multiple. They commonly occur in fat-rich areas like the trunk, shoulders, neck, or arms. Soft and elastic to the touch, lipomas move freely under the skin. While usually asymptomatic, those near nerves or under friction may cause mild discomfort or pain.

The exact cause of lipomas remains unclear. Genetics likely play a key role, with higher risk in those with a family history. Local trauma or blunt injury may also trigger abnormal fat cell growth, turning dormant tissue into tumors. These factors vary lipoma distribution and number—some increase with age, others remain few and slow-growing.

Diagnosis often relies on physical examination. Doctors assess softness, mobility, and clear borders to distinguish lipomas from other masses (e.g., epidermal cysts or neurofibromas). For atypical cases, ultrasound or imaging may assist, with deep skin biopsies used rarely to rule out malignancy, providing clarity and confidence to patients.

Most lipomas, being benign, require only observation. However, if size, location, or symptoms (pain, pressure) affect quality of life, surgical removal is viable. Performed under local anesthesia, excision is simple with quick recovery. For visible or growing lipomas, consulting a doctor for removal is wise, even without pain, to avoid future issues and rule out other conditions.

In rare cases, multiple lipomas may suggest genetic predisposition or link to systemic diseases. Those with a family history should monitor for anomalies elsewhere and consider regular checkups to manage potential health risks early. Routine evaluations ensure quality of life for most patients.

In summary, lipomas are common, benign subcutaneous tumors, growing slowly and often noticed due to appearance. Dr. Yeung Ho Hong’s expertise clarifies their traits and causes, stressing accurate diagnosis and timely treatment. Whether single or multiple, regular monitoring and appropriate intervention allow most patients to manage this condition confidently, maintaining health and well-being.